Hole In My Life Essay

â€Å"It is not what one does that is wrong, but what one becomes as a consequence of it â€Å", which means the thing you do can turn you into something you’re not. It’s not the crime someone commits it’s if they change or have a positive effect on the consequence. Jack Gantos started hanging with the wrong people, started selling drugs but he didn’t think selling drugs could land him in federal prison. Jack spent his time in jail but he didn’t let jail stop him from writing. Jack realized he did a crime, he went to prison & got out and changed his life around. Gantos began as a person with lack of supervision, getting involved with the drug culture, he ends up going to jail when he gets out he goes to college and becomes an amazing writer. Jack’s lack of supervision started when he lived in a hotel in San Juan by himself without his parents, he made housekeeping cleanup for him, went to visit his mom and made her do his laundry. Living on his own was a way for him to do what he wanted on his own and when he wanted to which he proved was a way to show his lack of responsibility. Second example of Jack’s lack of supervision is when jack lived in the Bacon’s house, he would turn his music on full blast and not care what no one says. He was sort of taking advantage of the Bacon’s not knowing he was doing it. The final example is Jack doesn’t even ask anyone for advice he just starts making the crates with Rick. Jack is selfish and doesn’t want to listen to anyone he does stuff not knowing he could get in trouble. In the case of Jacks lack of supervision he lands himself with 6 years on his jail time. Jack got involved with the wrong crowd and drug culture. Jack and his drug partner Hamilton they smuggled drugs into the USA. He was eager to do anything to get money, he wants to go to college and be a writer and he needs the money to do it. By Jack getting involved with this drug culture he gets caught but Jack doesn’t turn himself in right away he’s on the run but eventually turns himself in. He eventually finds that jail is scary he has some bad experiences and thinks they might scar him making him think about changing his life. Gantos gets a job as an x-ray tech inside prison. He ends up learning new things. Hearing stories from some of the prisoners and seeing things that disqust him but they teach him a lesson and the readers get a feel on how prison is. Even though Jacks in prison but still continuing his career as a writer. In prison he gets a ship’s log on he uses that to journal in. Gantos began writing in the script log turning it into a diary about his life. In his diary he explains that he did make mistakes and wants his readers not to follow in his footsteps. While Jack was in school there were kids that came from prison to tell them how it was but Jack made fun of them in the end Jack sees that wasn’t a good idea. When he gets out he changes his life, he gets out, goes to school and becomes a successful writer. From the book â€Å"Hole In My Life,† one can learn a lot of tips that should stick with you through life. The first tip is don’t do drugs they can lead you to heavy trouble and they are bad for you. Another is always have your parents close to you so when you have a question about life you can ask them to see what is right. Third is everyone deserves a second chance. Last one is choose your friend wisely. In the book Gantos states â€Å"Feels like in a walking white target with legs.† He also states â€Å"In prison I got a second chance to realize I did have something to write about.

My Cherished Memory

My Cherished Memory There are couple of memories of mine have a special glow around them, and i always smile from ear to ear whenever i start treasuring them, those special ones that keep me accompanied and leave a significant note as i grow older and become wiser as days go by. The nostalgia hits every time when i think of those memorable times that i had, some are fun, some are crazy and yet some are dreadful but i managed to learn from it. There's this particular memory i that i would like to share about is regarding my first time taking flight alone to meet up with my dad. It happened this year, around March. It was quite a spontaneous trip because I didn’t really do much planning nor mentally prepared for this whole thing. In fact, my mind was filled with questions and doubts about my studies because I was undecided about where to go to when my dad didn’t allow me to join the March intake at the local colleges. Although he tried to convince me to accept his advises by joining the STPM but my eyes were blinded with hatred, my infantile behavior at that time made me chose to blame him for not supporting my decision, and all he wanted to do was to make me surrender under his pride that I’m most certainly not willing to do so. After discussing with my parents for a few days (through skype), I was determined to have a face-to-face meeting with my dad to persuade him again by taking a plane to Guangzhou, China. After making a flight booking on the internet, I started doing some last minute research on that place before I depart three days later and soon, the day had finally came. My mum wasn’t even free to send me to the airport therefore I had to take the LRT to KL Central, and there’ll be busses to pick up passenger to the airport. Usually my parents or teachers will be the one taking care of the checking ins and outs whenever there’s a trip, but I was the one responsible that time, no one will be there to help out if there’s a mistake, I had to keep myself alert throughout the whole journey. I checked the printed boarding pass and tried to memorize the gate number so that i could straight away look out for that place once I’ve reached the airport, I checked my wallet to ensure there were money inside so that I won’t starve when i needed food, and most importantly I checked my passport again and again to make sure I brought the right one but not the one with my sister’s picture on it! I reached Baiyun International Airport at 9pm, tried to look out everywhere to search for my dad’s shadow but I couldn’t. I started to panic when my phone was out of battery, but somehow I managed to reach him after several attempts using the staff’s phone, he said he was on the way on a train and the burden in my body went away immediately. I spotted him 20 minutes after the call, he looked tired but I could feel the relief in him too. We took the same train to dad’s working area, the streets were quiet as we reached the place around 11pm. Only a few fast food restaurants are available, I had my supper before we went back to hotel, and no, we didn’t talk about the study issue yet. We had a great breakfast to start up the next beautiful morning, before we headed to dad’s factory, he bought me a local yogurt-like milk, it tasted funny to me anyway but I still finished it. I was told to stay in the office while dad went busy with his work, but I started to feel bored after hours of sitting and playing with the computer games. I went out from the office room and found my dad squatting down fixing his printing machine, with his bare hands stained with different colours of inks. The sweat gathered on his forehead and he was really concentrating on his work till I had to tap his shoulder to tell him that I wanted to go for lunch and asked if he needed any food. With an empty stomach and head filled with questions again, I went to search for food at the factory area. Why does he have to do the dexterity work? There are plenty of staffs and workers at the factory but why did he do that until colours stained all over his hands and I could barely see his original nail colour? I asked myself as I bit on the local chicken wrap. I went back to the factory about an hour, the staffs came to talk with me and

Cost Pools and Cost Objects

Topic 6: Management Accounting and Cost Case: Shelter Partnership a. My main learning outcomes from Topic 6 and the Case Study; 1)Firstly, I realize management accounting has much to offer. Somehow I can handle physics but not accounting. Now thanks to this course I can appreciate and make sense of it. The bit that really caught my attention was seeing how management accounting can be really useful for business planning, cost management, budgeting and performance measurement. It offers critical and more objective inputs for decision making. On my part, I would say this is one of my most important learning outcomes as it changed my personal view and outlook of accounting. 2)I have learnt that a good costing system is needed to get a better grip on the â€Å"actual† cost of my products and services. Gaining a better understanding of the Cost Pools (and the types of cost) and how these costs are allocated to the Cost Objects is a good starting point. 3)I realize that it is very important to identify and define the Cost Objects properly from the start. While I may like to define the Cost Objects narrowly, it should only be done to the extent it is economically viable. )I recognize that there are a number of ways to allocate indirect costs (from the Cost Pools) to the Cost Objects and these can cause distortion. It is therefore imperative to establish a meaningful and acceptable way of allocating such cost to better reflect the true cost. This leads to my next learning outcome. 5)Stephen Covey’s â€Å"begin wi th the end in mind† rings true here. If I had wanted to measure and analyze the Cost Objects by products, services and countries(Multinational Company), both the Cost Objects and the way cost is allocated needs to be defined early. In this case, a deeper engagement between my Marketing Department and the Finance Department is necessary to fine tune the costing system. 6)When looking at the cost numbers, it is imperative for me to consider and discern the context and assumptions used in arriving at the numbers since these are not â€Å"standardized†. b. Applying the learning outcomes to my own organization. 1)I work in a large IT company and my portfolio includes Marketing, Consulting and Strategic Account (Client) Management. In the area of Account Management, the company had recently implemented a system to track the profitability of each Client. In the case of revenues, it is a relatively simple process. However, getting a truer picture of the cost of providing professional services to each of our clients is a major challenge. In a sense, our client account is a â€Å"Cost Object†. 2)In a typical project undertaken for our client, professional services are provided by dynamically formed teams made up of Project Managers, Business Consultants, Senior Project Leads, Business Analysts, Programmers and Testers. Presently we are allocating cost to each of our clients according to the numbers of professional man-days consumed by the clients based on a â€Å"blended† man-day rate. The following is a simplified illustration of how cost is allocated. 3)We have room for significant improvements in the way we allocate cost. a. Labor cost which is a direct cost becomes a little complicated due to the project nature of the service. But since our systems captures the actual time-sheet for each employee according to projects, we should be able to eventually allocate labor cost directly to the Client, â€Å"Cost Objects† and give a truer reflection of cost. . Secondly, we should explore for more appropriate ways for allocating indirect cost such as travel & ticketing administrations and office space which is presently added into the blended rate. Since administration for travel and ticketing only applies to overseas projects, In-Country projects should not be â€Å"burdened† with t hese costs. Similarly, office space is only applicable for projects running out of our own premises and should not be loaded to projects undertaken at specific clients’ premises. At any one time around 50% of our staff is based outside of our office. )We found the shortcomings in cost allocation affects our decisions on pricing, discounts, expense provision, use of resources (especially when contending for resources), budgeting and business planning. 5)We have some multi-nationals clients, and I am curious about the effect of establishing overlapping â€Å"Cost Objects† to present a group/enterprise level view in addition to the present individual client level view. In our case, we have local offices in a number of countries and resource sharing is quite extensive, however no cost transfer has been allocated to the individual client account.

Soc 3-4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Soc 3-4 - Essay Example There are several agents both formal and informal that assist in the process of socialization. Agents of socialization are the persons, groups or institutions that teach what is necessary to live in the society. While the school and the mass media represent the formal or sometimes known as secondary agents, the primary or the informal agents are the family and the peers. Each agent influences an individual in a different way in the process of development. Family is the most important agent of socialization and the most important source of emotional support. The entire environment which comprises of both parents and siblings make up a family. Earlier even the grandparents formed a part of the family and the children learned a lot from the wisdom of the grandparents. Today the families have split up. There are either nuclear families or with single parents and the child imbibes what he experiences. His attitudes and behaviors depend on the environment in which he grows up. The family is where individuals acquire the specific position in the society. The next important agent of socialization is the peer group which is a group of people linked by common interests, equal social position and similar age. They contribute to the sense of belonging and feelings of self-worth. The peer group teaches to live in a group and to earn the acceptance of the peers is important. A peer group has its own norms, attitudes and beliefs which have to be met. The school and the mass media are the secondary agents but equally important in the socialization process. Schools teach specific knowledge and skills and have a profound effect on the child’s self image, beliefs and values. Schools teach individuals to be productive members of the society and to contribute to the society. They teach self control and guide them in the process of selection, training and placement on different rungs in the society.

On chevron article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

On chevron article - Essay Example Trust leads to stakeholders commitment C. Commitments increases stakeholders efforts and D. Increased stakeholders effort increases corporate success. In other words, Hosmers theory bases its arguments on the fact that moral behaviours makes a business sound. Hosmer's text, in comparison to Kant, appears to be a managerial text that uses ethics in support of management, thus constituting 'knowledge in the service of power', i.e. ideology. But ethics is not ideology. Ethical philosophy was developed in Greek antiquity by great and renowned philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. The maintain that ethics would; for example, demand that managers, IR experts, and trade unionists be honest, helpful, cooperative, sincere, open, benevolent, and modest. But, Hosmer avoids such a relevant list in his theory. (185) 2. Another challenge for management and its ideological outgrowth of managerialism--comes from utilitarianism theory as discussed by (Johnson, Hosmer, Pogge and Horton). Utilitari an ethics is directed towards creating the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Trade unions (Johnson) and many international organisations (Pogge/Horton) work towards this goal. Management according to (Hosmer 2008), however, has other goals and agendas which is primarily to the make profit. This sole purpose as an end in itself, rules out this theory as being ethically justifiable. (p14) and (P4) and (p1-14). 3.

World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

World War II - Essay Example The Second World War was fought between 1939 and 1945 in Europe, in Russia, North Africa and in Asia. Indeed, the Second World War was lasted longer, was more volatile than the First World War. Moreover, the effects of the World War 1 contributed to the emergence of the World War 11. Children, women, men, military either participated in the war or was adversely affected by the war. Indeed, World War II was a global war that was under way by 1939 and ended in 1945 and largely involved all great powers and their armies in a show of might and dominance. The reference world powers later grouped themselves into two alliances, the Allies and the Axis. The war was fought using high technological weapons of unpredictable destructiveness in unsurpassed numbers with the ultimate use of the atomic bomb. It remains the most widespread and destructive war in history. Indeed about, 100 million people participated in the war where there was use of nuclear weapons. So significant was the war that th e participants sacrificed all their scientific capabilities and economic positions to succeed in the war. This paper will give the background, the causes, the participants, and the sequence of the war, the results, and the impact of the World War 11. ... The treaty equally set out the size and capability of the country's armed forces. Moreover, Benito Mussolini led the Fascist movement in seizing power in Italy between 1921 and 1925. As such, he replaced representative democracy and repressed socialist to force Italy to become a world power. At the same time, there were developments in Germany where  Adolf Hitler led  in establishing a fascist government in Germany. These developments worried UK and France where they consequently formed the Stresa Front with an aim of containing Germany. However, Italy invaded Ethiopia with Germany being the only major European nation to support the invasion with a trade in that allowed Italy to support Germany in absorbing Austria. Adolf Hitler on the other hand defied the Treaty of Versailles and  Locarno by reinstating his military  in March 1936. Indeed, Hitler and Mussolini supported the fascists while the soviet supported the Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil war in 1936 where both parties tested their new weapons and methods of warfare in readiness for war. Subsequent attacks followed later with Japan capturing Beijing, China in 1937 as Germany annexed Austria in 1938 (Marshall Cavendish Corporation 12). Additionally, Germany and Slovakia attacked Poland in 1939. As a result of this countries of common wealth were mobilized by France and Britain to declared war on Germany. As such, by 3 September, Britain and France were at war with Germany where Australia, South Africa, Canada, and New Zealand joined them in a weeks’ time. This marked the beginning of the Second World War. The Home front of the war was Britain because the Britons felt that

Korean War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Korean War - Essay Example The initial cause was that at the World War of 1939-45, at the Allied Summit meeting it was decided that Korea would be given independence. Korea had been a Japanese colony since 1910. Korea was to be occupied by the Soviet Union till the 38th parallel, the division line, and USA would occupy the South. In the North, the Soviets backed a Stalinist regime under their client Kim Il-sung and created the North Korean Peoples' Army. They had the use of Russian artillery and tanks. In the South, the situation was very chaotic and resulted in the Americans backing the administration under the leadership of Syngman Rhee. The South wanted a united nation, thus they had very little artillery and tanks compared to the North. Many incidents took place along the 38th parallel but a fully fledged attack was launched by the North Korean People's Army on the 25th of June 1950. The South was much unprepared for the attack. (Micheal, 2001) Stalin was assured by Kim Il-sung that he could capture the Southern part. Stalin thought of this as an opportunity to continue the cold war without directly getting involved. This would also cause discomfort to America, which is what Stalin wanted. In the South, Syngman Rhee boasted about attacking the North in 1950, this gave the North a very good reason to invade the South before the South took any action against them. (History Central, n.d.) The Domino theory was what bothered President Truman; he thought that if one country fell to Communism the rest will too. He thought if Korea became communist it would capture Japan. In his opinion supporting South Korea would indirectly fight Communism and their competition with the USSR would finish. The American National Security Council issued a report (NSC 68) recommending that America abandon 'containment' and start 'rolling back' Communism. (Claire, n.d.) All these causes started the Korean War and resulted in the country being divided into two parts along the 38th parallel. The War was divided into five phases. In the first phase the North attacked the South and the Americans were taken aback. At this time they captured most of the South. The Americans asked for military assistance and American troops were sent in, who reinforced the Southern Army at Pusan. The second phase started right after when American General MacArthur led an army of troops at Inchon, near Seoul. The North Korean People's Army has to retreat as the General came up behind them, the South recaptured their territory. The General invaded the North on the 7th of October 1950. They captured almost up till the Chinese Border. They assumed that they would be back home by Christmas. The third phase started with this. The Chinese were threatened by this and attacked the army led by the General. The Chinese had modern weapons and a dislike for the Americans. They recaptur ed the North and advanced into the South, there were more than half a million Chinese troops involved in this attack. (Claire, n.d.) The fourth phase came with more American troops landing; this led to the American pushing back the Chinese. Many lives were lost during this time. In March 1951, the American troops reached the 38th parallel line again. The last and final phase was when the President told the General to stop; the General criticized the President and was court marshaled. In 1953 the American

Ways which media covers european crisis today and before 5 years in Outline

Ways which media covers european crisis today and before 5 years in France, in Italy and in Greece - Outline Example stepped up its coverage in all three countries from issues like the Italian politic-financial crisis to the clashes that Greece continues to experience to this very day (Hawkes, 2011). On the other hand, the null hypothesis (h0) is that there have been little changes in the media coverage. Around the time of mid-2006 compared to present, there is a selective coverage of the news that was being reported to the masses due to some issues. The variables will be the number of articles and television air-time per sample media house at the same month five years ago compared to the current year. Research Questions Because of the magnitude of the media houses and the huge population, the paper will take any two leading media houses from each country as well as five media and financial analysts as the sample of research in the period. The three sample collection methods will include interviews, investigative documentaries as well as archive research of information. The research will aim at proving whether the position of the null hypothesis is true or not. European Journalism Centre, 2009, Covering The Crisis Conference: An EGC Interface Conference On The Role Of The Media In Coverage Of The Financial Crisis . [Accessed 14 Dec,

Final Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Final - Assignment Example The power of media, as a source of credibility, is a tool of political persuasion. The linkage between politics and media has not been explored extensively with a little research connecting the two. It is important to research on the extent to which persuasion in news media depends on the viewers and listeners attitudes towards the news media as an association. One source confirms that people who trusted the media were susceptible to agenda settings from media information. Other studies show that people tend to adopt the position of media hosts, especially where the host is trustworthy and knowledgeable (Wasserstrom 25). During the political campaigns, media houses carry out pre-polling surveys and provide statistics to the public. In some cases, media gives factual results and in some cases non- factual. Politicians’ incentives lead them to favor information sources they can control and try to reduce the influence of sources affiliated with rival political factions or with no faction (Wasserstrom 34). This is done to counteract negative publicity as portrayed by rival politicians in the same race for a political seat. As a way of influencing the public’s behavior on the main Election Day, the majority of the public adopts the media’s story and votes for or against the particular candidate. In examining press freedom, media houses are allowed by law to filter the information they share with public to suit a particular interest so long as the interest is not meant to cause violence or harm to the public. Professional journalism is the only way to ensure credibility in the media to gain public trust. An attempt to understand media freedom introduces media pluralism, which a few people would oppose in principle. The media have allowed access to a broad range of cultural expressions and political views, which constitute the fundamental policies of the media policy which directly link media with democracy (Wasserstrom 54). This views that media pluralism as a political, theoretical, or empirical approach, which is believed to embody the central conflicts in modern thinking about the societal role of media. Religion contributes in the creation of the collective consciousness of the faithful, which builds strong religious bonds among the Christians. Religion has its own established institutional frameworks which immensely contribute in the enactment of laws and maintenance of peace and order in a nation. Moreover, the religious institutions influence the economic status of nations given that the church and society are inseparable. Religion also plays a role in the rehabilitation programs of errant members of society, hence enhancing peace and order in the society. This results in reduction of crime rate and increase in economic activities. This results from the small scale entrepreneurship and farming done by the rehabilitated criminals. Education contributes to proficient communication, which influences the socialization of citizens in politics. For instance, verbal communication is sufficient in communication, hence communication through writing is also emphasized. This is because communicating verbally enhances stressing of points and it is more lively compared to the written communication. The average people realize that communication through writing enables people to appreciate social interactions. In addition, the latter provides a record of events, thus in case there is a need for information reference can be made easily to the documented written document. The majority of people

Is death denied in contemporary Australian society Provide examples to Essay

Is death denied in contemporary Australian society Provide examples to support your argument - Essay Example The emergence of hospices and palliative care teams has done much to improve this difficult area of healthcare. Nursing and hospice care professionals, rather than doctors and surgeons, are more routinely faced with dilemmas which related to the dignity of the person, and the way that psychological and social factors can impact positively or negatively on the experiences of patients, relatives and medical staff. This is an area which is less well researched, and the present paper considers the widely held assumption that Australian society generally denies death, and seeks to protect its citizens from facing up to the emotional consequences of death for themselves and their close relatives. At the present time there are heated debates about the ethical and moral issues surrounding death, ranging from support for medically assisted deaths, to vehement opposition of any intervention that could potentially hasten death. These are important issues which Australian society must tease out and openly examine if it is to provide the kind of end of life care that patients expect. The alleged tendency of Australian society to deny death could be seen as endangering attempts to improve end of life care. If people prefer to distance themselves from death, and to avoid talking or thinking about it then it is very difficult to work out what kind of treatment or care would be their ideal preference. For this reason it is important to consider attitudes and cultural values on a wide scale when considering medical and social processes. A medical service which is out of tune with the prevailing culture is unlikely to provide a sensitive and appropriate level of care. A closer look at this intriguing area of healthcare studies reveals that the whole â€Å"death denying† label may not be quite as accurate an assessment as it appears on first sight. Historians such as Jalland (2002) and Davis and George (1990) trace the evolution of Australian beliefs and customs from the ab original concepts of â€Å"The Eternal Dreaming† to the experiences of Australian soldiers in the First World War who were taught to repress the horrors of mass warfare with the so-called â€Å"stiff upper lip,† (Jalland, 2002, 306) and to a much more mixed modern situation where multiple ideologies and customs struggle for prominence. Despite a very evident diversity in modern Australia, this notion that the country is a â€Å"death denying† nation persists into the present day. Evidence for this â€Å"denial of death thesis† is found in the ideas of social scientists in the period from 1955 to 1985. (Zimmermann and Rodin, 2004, 121). Certain traditions such as elaborate funerals and mourning rituals for bereaved families were noted as being important markers of the transition from life to death, in earlier historical periods. In traditional Catholic societies, for example, it was usual to hold a wake to mark the departure of a beloved family member, fol lowed by commemorative mass celebrations. In Jewish societies there are similar commemorative events, and these rituals are deliberately communal and inclusive, providing a supportive framework for bereaved families to lean on while experiencing the first painful stages of loss. (O’Gorman, 1998, 1131-1132) The community as a whole took part in these rituals, and death in such a context

Adam Smith the Father of Modern Economics Essay Example for Free

Adam Smith the Father of Modern Economics Essay The article, Adam Smith and the Invisible Hand by Helen Joyce, proved to be interesting reading. Although it was written about three years ago and the man himself lived more than 300 years ago, the man and his theories live on through the 21st century. Before I read the article, I had never heard of Adam Smith, but it appears his ideas have penetrated time. I started doing more research into the man and his theories. In order to understand his theories and how he thought about processes, one must understand his beginnings. Adam Smith was born in Scotland. He attended Glasgow University then Oxford University. It was his experience in this stay at Oxford that was the basis for the vital observations about universities found in The Wealth of Nations. He was selected as the Professor of Logic at Glasgow and later, Professor of Moral Philosophy. He lectured on spirituality, moral principles and political economy. His first book The Theory of Moral Sentiments established his status. He sought to understand what it was that led us to care about the welfare of others. With that book complete, he gave less attention to his theories of morals and more to political economy. Later, he made the decision to give up his university post by becoming a tutor to the Duke of Buccleuch. They traveled mainly in France, where Smith came to know many of the intellectual leaders of the country. He began a dissertation on economics. It was published as The Wealth of Nations, and on this work rests the ongoing acknowledgement of him as the father of economics. He had very provocative ideas in the book. It was a work that altered the world of economics. Many say it reformed the world itself. He asserts that wealth is steadily created by rising labor output through two key factors (1) the division of labor, encouraged by trade the natural propensity to truck, barter and exchange and also (2) the growth of capital, made possible by the natural inclination of people toward thriftiness. For example, Smith alleged that a system of natural liberty allowed the self-interest of the person to be attached for the good of society, through what he called the â€Å"division of labor and the accumulation of capital. He argued that the free market is an clever device which regulates itself through supply and demand. His purpose was pretty clear: not to advance the interests of any class, but to push the wealth of the entire country. Whatever a nation consumes must be either produced from its labor or purchased in trade. There is no other basis for spending or a standard of living. He assumed that, in fiscal life, the main inspiring force central to man’s actions was self-interest. He argued that, with the right institutional frame, men following their own self -interest would serve the general good. This framework did not call for wide government law. The best plan is to leave the fiscal method alone. This has come to be known as free enterprise. Largely through his book, these principles helped to guide the then rapidly increasing economic activity. And wealth, as he saw it, consisted of goods which all people could consume. This was a democratic; and for that time, radical principle that he adhered to with notable stability. He produced a document that he expected to be used in the conduct of governments. The book presents a persuasive argument for a new approach to economic policy. Smith offered future economists with the makeup of the discipline of economics. His vision of a competitive market balance following a path of growth to wealth and abundance defined the problems that economists have wrestled with ever since His purely scientific contribution has been vast, and in its basic structure his framework still remains the heart of modern economics. On one level, it is an attack on the opinions of his people written for its own time and directed against the existing policies of government. On another level, it is an optimistic thesis that deals with basic troubles of order in human society It is an enthralling mix of ideas. In the most radical age of Western culture, when the uproar of social and intellectual upheaval puzzled lesser men, Adam Smith gave the world order. He did not invent the market or economics. He taught the world about them. For nearly 75 years, his writings supplied most of what economists knew. If there are more people per the amount of GDP, the standard of living is lower. If there are fewer people, it is higher. The GDP per capita the measure of the wealth of the nation is the product of the amount of labor productivity of that nation. The available land or other natural resources is not a decisive factor. He provided the root details of what causes labor productivity to be high or low in a nation. The theme of the book is explaining how labor productivity is resolute by the extent of the division of labor the dividing of work into a much greater number of parts. When the market is very small, when the population density is sparse, it is impossible to achieve much in the way of a division of labor. The more people that could crowd into a place, the greater the amount of specialization among occupations and the greater the marginal productivity, rather than the lesser. There is still controversy about Adam Smith and his account on the invisible hand. Simply put the invisible hand is a notion based on the law of chance. Every person intends only his or her own gain, but though a set of policies that he referred to as the system of natural liberty the good of the nation would be the accidental result. His â€Å"invisible hand is the new method of social life. He described the invisible hand in this way: Individuals naturally intend only their own gain, but unintentionally promote the general interest. He also suggests that ethics is based on sentiment, feelings of empathy between us and other people. He wrote consider how others would fairly judge their behavior before acting on matters that would involve conscience or moral judgment. The best course toward wealth and away from poverty and want is for a nations political rulers to allow for the unplanned result of self-interest, of private property rights, and of self-regulating rivalry under rules of free trade. As the economy globalizes, corporations flourish, and as societies agonize over which issues to settle according to the principles of right and wrong and which to settle according to economic principles. We see the tension between choosing to adhere to the ancient values of tradition, honor and command, or to the modern values of the business firm and the marketplace. The future global economy will tell if the invisible hand is a principle to rely on now and in the future. Though he passed away in 1790 his ideas have surely helped shape the way economists around the globe think, globally.

Women in the Media in Kuwait Essay Example for Free

Women in the Media in Kuwait Essay Kuwait is a Middle Eastern country boarded on the east by the Arabian Gulf and slot in between Iraq and Saudi Arabia on the south and west. Kuwait became a fully independent country since 1961. Kuwait was the first Arab country in the Gulf to have an elected parliament. Women were not allowed to vote or elect or stand as candidates in the elections until 1999, when Shaikh Jaber Al Ahmed Al Sabah issued a decree giving women their political rights but it was defeated in the National Assembly. Finally, in 2005 Kuwaiti parliament gave women their fully political rights. In pre-oil, Kuwaiti women were forbidden from going to schools and usually were allowed only to recite Quran at (Al Mutawa’a) house. The merchant classes were the first to educate their daughters to extend their families’ power. After the new oil economy stage, women started to participate in the society to change stereotypes and traditional role. In addition they started to deal with the positive changes on lifestyle and contributed in the development of Kuwait society. Without any doubt, when women in Kuwait were granted the right for education by law, their life started to change and became part of the workforce. Education gave women the power to claim for their rights by the efforts of other women who were working in media sectors. Kuwaiti women in media highlighted and raised their problems and demands through TV and Radio programs, articles published in the newspapers, TV drama and plays on the theatre stage. Media was the most effective field that women made progress and gained power to achieve their goals. Media is a broad term that includes mass and social media; mass media is the means of transmitting messages to broad audiences. It includes television, radio, newspaper, magazines, books and so forth. Social media are the means of connecting and interacting actively it includes cell phones, e-mails, PTA and the web. Media in Kuwait includes news, newspapers, television, radio, journals, news services, press abstracts, publishing and bookseller associations. Kuwaiti women made a good contribution in the media because Kuwait has the most vocal and transparent media among Arab countries also well known in the freedom of press. The government funds some of the newspapers and satellite channels and owned Kuwait news agency (KUNA). I 2009, Kuwait had fifteen newspapers companies besides the English newspapers; Arab times, and Kuwait times. The Kuwaiti law controls media to forbid insulting religion references related to God, Islam, and Profit Mohammed (PBUH). Moreover, another law was made to forbid anybody from criticizing the ruling family in specific the Emir. In order to join media a person has to stick to the pervious laws concerning religion and the Emir otherwise he/she will be eligible for fines or send to the jail. Under the Press and Publication Law, the government suspended some of the local newspapers for violating this law for example; Al-Anba’a was suspended for five days for publishing an article about separating between the positions of crown prince from prime minister. Women respected both laws in media especially in the press. In the old days rarely women were encourage to join media in Kuwait because it is an Islamic country and women were preferred to stay home. Some women were very lucky because they have been married to an open-minded educated husbands and made positive impact on the women who had joined Kuwaiti media and became stars of Kuwaiti society. It was noticeable that Kuwaiti women in the media were attacked by some Islamic groups. Kuwaiti women who wear the hijab didn’t dare to study any subject related to media. Studies and social research proved the impact of media messages on the individual behavior and collective beside their power on the political decision. Women started media in Kuwait through television, radio, the press and other means; the famous publication was through T.  V. Kuwait T. V. began to broadcast at the earliest sixties in black and white, the building was closed to the Dsman Palace. The first Kuwaiti woman who entered the media on Kuwaiti television in 1961 was Fatima Hussein, followed by a number of announcers such as Nouria Al-Sdani, Anissa Jafar who was known as â€Å"Mama Anissa†. Other active women in Kuwait radio were; Amina Al-Ansari, Iqbal Al-Gharaballi and Amal Al-Abdullah who later turned to the T. V. activities, the previous names were the first generation of female announcers in Kuwait T. V. and radio. One of the most famous announcers in Kuwait T.  V. and radio is Fatimah Hussein. Fatimah Hussein Al-Essa Al-Qanaie, born in Kuwait 1937, completed her Secondary School Education in Kuwait and was granted a scholarship by Government to study abroad in the University. She was the first woman who was allowed to study out of Kuwait at Cairo University, College of Arts, and Journalism Department 1956-1960. After graduation she was married in 1960 to Suliman Al Mutawa and accompanied him to the USA for his Master Degree. She did not waste her time and decided to study English at the Community Services Department of Columbia University. She started to practice broadcasting in New York, with the Voice of America Radio, where she prepared and presented messages to Radio Kuwait, under the theme name â€Å"Journal of a Kuwaiti Lady in New York†. Radio Kuwait awarded her efforts and offered her another scholarship to study the art of Broadcasting in the University of New York and she managed to take several courses in the Art in the Art of Broadcasting. After she returned to Kuwait and started to work at Radio Kuwait she prepared he own daily program about woman and the family for 15 minutes. She became a media woman with the programs she prepared on the family issues. Kuwaiti Journalist women were the less in media sector due to the nature of work and the difficult circumstances. Hidaya Sultan Al-Salem was the owner and editor of the weekly al-Majales. She was supposed to be honored for her contributions and articles but instead she was murdered on 20 March at her 66 years old. She was famous and active journalist when she was killed on her way to work. A Kuwaiti military man was following her and in the middle of the street he opened fire on her chauffeur-driven car in Kuwait City. The killer confessed that he took revenge and killed Hidaya because of her article about the girls of his ribe Al Awazem. Moreover, Kuwaiti women made significant contributions in TV drama and were famous in Gulf and Arab countries. Also, they made influential contribution in Kuwaiti movie (Bas Ya Bahar), which presented the old Kuwaiti life when they were diving for pearls and traveled six months away from their homes. In this movie Hayat Al Fahad expressed the life of Kuwaiti women at that time. More contributions of Kuwaiti women in media were developed by Dr. Suad Al Sabah; one of the ruling family members in Kuwait. She was graduated from the Faculty of Economics and Political Sciences at Cairo University in 1973. In 1981 obtained PhD in economics from Guilford University (UK). She established Suad Al Sabah Publishing and Distribution House. She writes poetry that was published in several books. Another famous flag does not need any introduction, who does not know Mama Anissa? More than 45 years she was introducing and preparing programs for children in Kuwait. Her programs attracted children beside adults and brought happiness to the children who participated from all over Kuwait. She approached the childhood world and became the mother of all Kuwaits children. Conclusion  Kuwait, which is located in the north west of the Arabian Gulf generally, divided into two different periods: pre-oil and after the discovery of oil. In the pre-oil period Kuwait society was controlled by male only while women were not involved in any work except house working and did not attend schools for education, they were reciting Quran at (Mutawa) house. Kuwaiti women had very hard life , they were not involved in the public life and were forbidden from education. The first who made changes in women life were the merchant families when they sent their daughters to schools. Education was the spark that lightened women life. After oil, the government realized that education is necessary to make the progress and development. Women claimed for their rights and struggled until they were able to elect, vote and nominate in 2005. They fought for their freedom by different means. Kuwaiti women who were involved in Media encouraged women to claim for their rights. Women in media have a powerful role in the social and political life. Some of these women joined Kuwaiti TV such as Fatima Hussain who was famous for the family program, Mama Anisa who was famous for Children programs, Amina Al Sharrah, Mona Taleb who were from the irst generation of media women. Other women became journalist such as Hidaya Alsalem who was murdered because of her politics view and articles. Moreover, Kuwaiti women developed the drama, poetry and movies to express their demands. I believe that Kuwaiti women deserve to be honored for their will to win, as they did not slender to the cruelty of traditions and custom. Even though they have paid their life for the sake of their beliefs and courage but at the end they made progress and moved on to share with men all aspects of life and cancel the discriminations between men and women.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology Today

Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology Today Chirag Patel The world has come very far with respect to technology. In reality, technology, social media, and smart phones have breached the mainstay in our everyday lives in a short period of time. Gone are the days of cassette and VHS tapes. Gone are the days of typewriters and cursive handwriting. Those outdated technologies have been replaced with tablets, smartphones, and social media websites like Facebook. The same types of technologies have found its way into healthcare. Lambert, K., Barry, P., Stokes, G. (2012) state that, â€Å"Social media has infiltrated all of our lives both personally and professionally.† For better or for worse these technologies have blended into our everyday lives with no end in sight therefore, knowing they aren’t going away and how we use them will say as much about ourselves and as society as a whole. Today’s technologies allow us to be more connected to one another. Both patients and healthcare providers have information available at their fingertips including a patient’s personal health information (PHI). On concern could be stated as such, â€Å"How safe are today’s technologies and will patient’s personal health information be compromised?† The U.S. Department of Health and Human services created HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act). HIPPA is a federal law that protects medical information of patient’s and is enforced by the Office of Civil Rights. According to Lambert, K., Barry, P., Stokes, G. (2012), â€Å"The use of social media may expose professionals and healthcare entities to liability under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) as well as individual state privacy laws. HIPAA, as modified by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), governs the permitted use and disclosure of PHI by covered entities, including hospitals, physicians and other healthcare providers. The HITECH Act provides breach notification requirements and expands various requirements to business associates.† So why take the risks? Like anything in this world sometimes you have to take the good with the bad. A few advantages of today’s technologies and social media sites include accessibility. Patients can now play an active engagement in their health care. Social media and various apps allow an individual to do their own research on their conditions. It can give a patient a feeling of empowerment when otherwise they would feel helpless. Social media and varying apps allow for individuals to connect with support groups and message boards that can lend much needed empathy from people who are going through similar situations. We’ve heard the stories of bullying on Facebook but on the flip side there are stories of triumph and support when used in a way that garners sympathy and empathy. Facebook can be both an advantage and disadvantage depending on how it is used. Doctors, nurses, and other healthcare providers have advantages as well. They too can have the latest research and decision making support tools available to them at palm of their hands. Access to real time information such as the latest prescription recall or access to the most recent white paper of medical breakthroughs benefits both the healthcare provider and ultimately the patient. This collective online and mobile brain trust allow for healthcare providers to create robust medical strategies that can help in the decision making. Online and smart phone resources include mobile apps like Epocrates  ®, Medscape, and even AHRQ ePSS an app designed by the United States Department of Health Human Services (HHS). Online communities’ such as American Medical Association provide resources from varying topics including: managing your practice; medical ethics; legal issues; and career development. In general, most individuals prefer to keep their health status confidentiality hence, the patient-doctor confidentiality relationship. But with smartphones and use of social media the totality of a person’s health information could be vulnerable if safeguards are not in place. Solomon, P., et al. (2012) suggests that healthcare providers who have access to patient information made aware of strategies and facility policies in order to safeguard patient privacy. They should also be mindful and place themselves in a situation where access can be vulnerable i.e. leaving a computer on and unsecure. Solomon, P., et al. (2012) state emphatically that â€Å"Confidentiality is a legal right for clients as well as a professional ethical responsibility of providers.† A break in trust serves to weaken the relationship between the healthcare provider and the patient. Let’s go back to our original scenario. The nurse worked a night shift while her friend attended a concert. The lead singer of the concert the nurse missed is now her patient. At the end of her shift, what does she do? Our group chose the following conclusion: You go on Facebook, on your day off, and talk about the night you had at work and how you didn’t really feel as bad having to miss the concert, because you actually got to meet Jerod in person and even â€Å"Got his number!† You then post a picture of Jerod on Facebook and Instagram, figuring that most of your contacts would never recognize him anyway. It’s your day off and your personal time, so no harm, no foul, right? The scenario above is a plausible outcome in the world with which we live in. However, there are a lot of things wrong with the nurse’s line of thinking. It is not unreasonable for the nurse to think that her personal Facebook page is her private business. However, in the New York trial of Romano v. Steelcase (2010) the Supreme Court stated that, It is reasonable to infer from the limited postings on plaintiffs public Facebook ® and MySpace ® profile pages that her private pages may contain material and information that are relevant to her claims or that may lead to the disclosure of admissible evidence. To deny defendant an opportunity to access these sites not only would go against the liberal discovery policies of New York favoring pretrial disclosure, but would condone plaintiffs attempt to hide relevant information behind self-regulated privacy settings.† In other words, what the nurse posts on her Facebook could be used against her for several reasons 1). The p hoto was taken while she was working, 2). The photo violates a patient’s right to privacy and confidentiality and 3). By violating the patient’s right to privacy and confidentiality she could be setting herself for termination of employment and/or criminal or civil violations. Those are possible consequences that may prove costly in the long run. The nurse should stop and ask herself if the notoriety would be worth losing her reputation and career over. In summary, there are many advantages and disadvantages to smartphones and use of social media. Advantages include active engagement for patients in their health status; readily available resources in real-time; and ease of use and accessibility for all users both front-end and back-end. Some disadvantages include lack of privacy; accountability for posts on personal social media sites; and data integrity and vulnerability. Do the Pro’s outweigh the Con’s? One can only say that training, awareness, and professional and ethical responsibilities should dictate an individual’s actions. As the old saying goes, â€Å"Just because you can doesn’t mean you should.† A good warning that should be heeded by all. References Kosieradzki, J. (2011). Social media and privacy: when personal posts intersect with the business of litigation. Journal of Legal Studies in Business. (17), 51-64 Lambert, K., Barry, P., Stokes, G. (2012). Risk management and legal issues with the use of social media in the healthcare setting. American Society for Healthcare Risk Management. 31(4), 41–47. doi: 10.1002/jhrm.20103 Romano v. Steelcase, 907 N.Y.S.2d 650, 658 (N.Y. Sup. 2010) Solomon, P., Molinaro, M., Mannion, E., Cantwell, K. (2012). Confidentiality Policies and Practices in Regard to Family Involvement: Does Training Make a Difference?. American Journal Of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 15(1), 97-115. doi:10.1080/15487768.2012.655648

Death is a New Beginning Essay -- Literary Analysis, Emily Dickinson

Death is a New Beginning Death is like two paths on a trail. Some see it as the end of the road while others see it as a beginning of a new adventure. In the poems â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† by Emily Dickinson and â€Å"Crossing the Bar† by Alfred Lord Tennyson, both authors choose to view death as a new journey rather than an ending. In the poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† the author portrays the expedition of death as a gentle carriage ride throughout the entire poem where â€Å"Death† is personified as a gentleman caller and Immortality acts as the speakers chaperone on this voyage. The carriage takes the speaker on a ride from her childhood to her grave and beyond. Similarly, in â€Å"Crossing the Bar† Tennyson describes death as a journey through picturing death as a ride out to sea. Through choice of image both authors portray their vision that death is a journey and that death should not be feared. Finally, though death is not to be f eared, both speakers regard it from very different points of view. The person speaking in Tennyson’s poem is still alive; he is an old man waiting to die. In contrast, Dickinson’s speaker is a young woman who is surprised by death. In short, death is for both seen as an exciting new adventure. The first instance where it is evident that the authors are of the opinion that death should not be feared but rather to embrace the expedition is proven by the ways in which both authors use diction. In the first poem â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† the poem talks about the gentle ride that the person is experiencing. ...w he will be â€Å"putting out to sea†. In sum, each different speaker has their own respective point of view on dying such as Dickinson’s character did not know that death was going to come so soon. In contrary, Tennyson’s character was very aware that his time was on earth coming to an end. Although both authors have different points of view, both authors feel the same about death, as they both see death as a new expedition. In Conclusion, death is seen for both a new expedition. Dickinson’s voyage is going on a carriage ride with Death and Immortality guiding her to â€Å"eternity†. Tennyson’s adventure however is represented through crossing the sandbar into the large ocean. These poems are both reassuring and comforting for the readers to help themselves understand that death should not be feared but rather to think of death as a new beginning rather than an ending.

Disparity Between The Passion Of The Christ by Mel Gibson and The Bible

"The Passion of the Christ" by Mel Gibson, recounts the last twelve hours of the life of Jesus of Nazareth, portraying his arrest, trial, crucifixion and death. One of the most popular religious movies in modern times, it therefore becomes susceptible to criticism. Although the film is based upon the stories within the four gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, there are many exaggerations and non-biblical elements present in the movie. This is not unexpected, since it is a movie, but the vivid detail of the brutality in the movie as well as the Anti-Semitic theme are the most publicly criticized elements of the movie. The Passion emphasizes the brutality Jesus endured to give himself for his people, but at the same time in the movie the Jews are the ones that cry for his death. During several scenes of The Passion of the Christ, there are elements such as characters, themes, and motifs that are not found within the gospels, but are in the movie to add more dramatic elements. One of the most common arguments about The Passion is that it is focused on the intentional blaming of the Jews for the death of Jesus Christ. Throughout the movie, and in particular the scenes where he is held before Pontius Pilate and Caiaphus, Jesus is berated and blamed for blasphemy by his own people, a notion that is not explicitly talked about within the Bible. It is obvious in the movie and the Bible though, that Jesus has no bad intentions or threats to anybody, yet he becomes the enemy. The implied reason for this is that the Jews rejected Jesus and God. But why are the ideas of love and freedom that Jesus is promoting, in the movie and the Bible, so evil and unacceptable according to the people and high priests? At most of t... ... that the whole Earth experiences the consequences of his crucifixion and death. Also, in the gospel of Luke, it is noted that one of the thieves being crucified asks of Jesus, "Remember me when you come into your kingdom", and Jesus accepts his recognition. In the movie, the other thief just laughs at this conversation, and a raven lands upon his cross and pecks out his eyes. This is not detailed in the gospels, but is added into the movie as a sign of karma. The slight differences in The Passion of the Christ and the gospels' accounts are made to create a more dramatic feeling for the viewer. The addition of devils and Satan to the story adds more emotion, and stresses the dedication Jesus had to his people. Overall, the differences between the stories are to show a more creative depiction of the sacrifice and determination that Jesus gave for his people.

B. F. Skinner Essay -- Behaviorism Behavior Behaviorist

B. F. Skinner Burrhus Frederic Skinner, psychologist and behaviorist, was born in Susquhanna, Pennsylvania in 1904 to William Skinner and Grace Burrhus. His father was a lawywer and his mother was a naturally bright woman. Skinner had only one sibling; his brother died at the age of sixteen. Skinner lived most of his life in Susquhanna. He did not leave the house he was born in until he left to go to college. He was raised very close to his grandparents, who had a major impact on his early life. He was also close to his parents. He and his mother and father all graduated from the same high school. This was the same school that he had attended for all twelve years of his education. Skinner attended Hamilton College at the reccomadation of a family friend. He took many different types of courses before deciding to major in English and minor in Romance Languages. Skinner felt that he did not fit in at college. He disliked the fraterninty that he had joined and he did not understand why the college required the courses that it did. He felt that he was made to take too much physical education and not enough emphasis was place on actual academics. The summer before his senior year he attended the Middlebury School of English at Breadloaf, Vermont. During this summer he had lunch with Robert Frost. Frost asked to see his work and gave Skinner a lot of enfouragemant. This led him to the decision to become a writer. Skinner's father was not happy with this decision. He has hoped that his son would become a lawywer, like himself. His father eventually agreed to his decision, and Skinner moved back home to start his new career. He built himself an office in his parents' house where he could write. He was to try to be a writer ... ...ology of literature. She listened to him and gave him advice on his lectures. In the next ten years, he wrote three books all having to do with the psychology of literature. Yvonne and Skinner had two daughters, Julie and Deborah. It was the birth of their second child taht inspired one of Skinner's inventions. He invented the "baby box" to ease the burdens of chilcare for his wife. The box is still used today, but is not so widespread because changes in childacare are hard to make. Another of his most famous endeavors was "project pigion." This was an experiment designed to teach pigions to guide missles in the 1930's. B. F. Skinner died in 1990. He is stilled looked upon today as one of the most influential behaviorailists. His work is still studied and revered for it's genius. Skinner was an independent thinker who studied everyone, including himself. B. F. Skinner Essay -- Behaviorism Behavior Behaviorist B. F. Skinner Burrhus Frederic Skinner, psychologist and behaviorist, was born in Susquhanna, Pennsylvania in 1904 to William Skinner and Grace Burrhus. His father was a lawywer and his mother was a naturally bright woman. Skinner had only one sibling; his brother died at the age of sixteen. Skinner lived most of his life in Susquhanna. He did not leave the house he was born in until he left to go to college. He was raised very close to his grandparents, who had a major impact on his early life. He was also close to his parents. He and his mother and father all graduated from the same high school. This was the same school that he had attended for all twelve years of his education. Skinner attended Hamilton College at the reccomadation of a family friend. He took many different types of courses before deciding to major in English and minor in Romance Languages. Skinner felt that he did not fit in at college. He disliked the fraterninty that he had joined and he did not understand why the college required the courses that it did. He felt that he was made to take too much physical education and not enough emphasis was place on actual academics. The summer before his senior year he attended the Middlebury School of English at Breadloaf, Vermont. During this summer he had lunch with Robert Frost. Frost asked to see his work and gave Skinner a lot of enfouragemant. This led him to the decision to become a writer. Skinner's father was not happy with this decision. He has hoped that his son would become a lawywer, like himself. His father eventually agreed to his decision, and Skinner moved back home to start his new career. He built himself an office in his parents' house where he could write. He was to try to be a writer ... ...ology of literature. She listened to him and gave him advice on his lectures. In the next ten years, he wrote three books all having to do with the psychology of literature. Yvonne and Skinner had two daughters, Julie and Deborah. It was the birth of their second child taht inspired one of Skinner's inventions. He invented the "baby box" to ease the burdens of chilcare for his wife. The box is still used today, but is not so widespread because changes in childacare are hard to make. Another of his most famous endeavors was "project pigion." This was an experiment designed to teach pigions to guide missles in the 1930's. B. F. Skinner died in 1990. He is stilled looked upon today as one of the most influential behaviorailists. His work is still studied and revered for it's genius. Skinner was an independent thinker who studied everyone, including himself.

Little Prince

Matthew Majewski Mrs. Loudis English IV October 29, 2012 Little Prince Essay God’s will, a moral imperative and a fresh outlook, drove Antoine De Saint-Exupery to the stars and back for answers to his own questions. Even though we don’t see much influence in Saint-Exupery’s work what we do see is mostly from the existentialist philosophy. Saint-Exupery was always trying to find the meaning of life through the choices that he made throughout his life.These existentialist views are seen all throughout Antoine De Saint-Exupery’s book The Little Prince. Existentialism is the philosophy that would like to find the meaning of life through life choices and personal responsibilities. â€Å"Soren Kierkegaard who, a century earlier, told himself what he most needed was that which would make it clear what he must do, not what he must know; to find a purpose, God’s will; to find a personal truth hat will lead him to meet crucial situations in an honest and res ponsive matter† (Webster 6).What Kierkegaard said was the basis for Saint-Exupery’s life. While we see similarities in Saint-Exupery’s quest for his moral imperative, research cannot connect any philosophers’ influence to Saint-Exupery’s work directly said by The Life and Death of the Little Prince by Paul Webster. In Saint-Exupery’s existentialist mindset he strongly believed in what Pascal and Nietzsche wrote down saying â€Å"Man should reach beyond himself for, if not greatness, at least goodness.Saint-Exupery believed that man must rise above social, political and even moral conventions even if the decision that was made was wrong or right. Saint-Exupery wanted people to realize that life is a painful journey and that everyone has problems and despair in their life but it is the moral duty of the individual to move past all the problems and positively participate in life. The Little Prince by Antoine De Saint-Exupery has a lot of symbol s of the existentialist views that Saint-Exupery believed in throughout he book.While Saint-Exupery wanted people to adapt to their social environment in real life he showed how the pilot in The Little Prince adapted with the little prince the character. All the different inhabitants of the planets all teach us a lesson on how easy it is to g wrong in our life choices said by www. theatlantic. com. For example, the red faced man was to busy being serious to â€Å"stop and smell he roses† and the businessman who counts stars, so he can then own them but is to busy counting stars to enjoy being rich.These examples are exactly the opposite of what Saint-Exupery was trying to emphasize. Saint-Exupery wanted people to reach beyond themselves and what the serious man and businessman did was stay in their bubble and be content with their boring lives. The thought that The Little Prince is a children story is absurd and is worthy of an adult designation more than most other â€Å"ad ult† books. While most little kids look at the pictures in awe, the fact of the matter is that the issues are serious from when it was written, to today.

Gore’s movie, “An Inconvenient Truth” Essay

Former Vice President and former Tennessee Senator Al Gore discusses the correlation between carbon dioxide and other so-called greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and global warming. Gore’s movie, â€Å"An Inconvenient Truth† is constructed to look as though the majority of it is taking place in a college lecture hall, thus implying that his information is indeed fact. Better yet, before the end of the movie, Gore attempts to prove that global warming is not an environmental theory, but is a fact and that it is being caused by things that man is doing. His simple conclusion is that mankind is creating more greenhouse gases and that is causing the earth’s temperature to rise at a rate that might soon be catastrophic. Gore spends a great deal of the movie in front of a double line graph comparing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and the earth’s temperature. He explains where his personal interest in the concept came from, a research professor when he was an undergraduate student, and how the professor’s work has predicted the climbing earth temperatures. Gore never specifically illustrates how mankind is contributing to the greenhouse gases, but he does make allusions to heavy traffic and coal-fired energy plants as the cause. Instead, he uses a very effective melding of classroom instruction and beautiful natural footage of his farm in Tennessee and the ice flows of Antarctica. He even compares the need to do something about global warming to his family’s failure to do something about smoking. Gore points out that until his sister died from lung cancer, his father raised tobacco on their Tennessee farm. It wasn’t until his daughter’s death that he made the connection between his action and her illness. Likewise, Gore said, he is afraid that we will not make the connection between our actions and global warming until our children are dying from it. The use of analogical reasoning is impressive through the film as is the use of pop culture to define his arguments, relying on a clip from the cartoon sit-com Futurama as his explanation of why greenhouse gases lead to heating the environment. The biggest failing of the movie are Gore’s lack of an answer for the problem he presented. He points to the ever-rising global temperature and the melting ice flows in the Arctic, Antarctica and Greenland, but only as the final credits roll are there any suggestions for what to do about it. And these claims are the ones that are least supported. For example, the credits proclaim the advantages of switching to mercury-based florescent light bulbs instead of traditional incandescent light bulbs, claiming that the energy saved by making little changes like that can help offset the growing carbon problem. But he never backs up those claims with facts and never discusses other issues which might be a factor in choosing light bulbs, such as quality of light provided and the fact that fluorescent bulbs contain mercury, a potentially lethal heavy metal. Gore’s explanations seem sound and reasonable, but that may also be due to the way they are presented. With an ice shelf breaking apart before your eyes, it is hard to demand answers about why the shelf is breaking apart. And, no one in the movie ever challenges Gore’s opinions or facts. He claims that when opponents to the global warming theory make objections that he researches them and adds the answer to his lectures, but there is no evidence of this. Instead, it appears that Professor Gore has used his training in academia and politics to make it look as though he knows all the answers, but the real â€Å"Inconvenient Truth† is that the movie leaves you with more questions than answers.

Global Forces and the European Brewing Industry

Penthouse Heinlein seeks to expose not Just its own brand, but the local brands swell, it may be a daunting task because there is a lack of much innovation, especially that it is family controlled with no allowance for outside and new governance. But the brand itself is strong, so it will maintain and/or grow its position. Grossly It is a medium-sized company that has set a niche with products that are new and innovative, and their packaging is striking and different, but they may find it difficult to maintain this position in the market because of the trial and error expense they have created for themselves. N.B. Has the benefit of being the biggest brewer in most countries and continents, so it can afford to test new markets. But with the competitive environment it dwells in, the expense may go well beyond what they can manage, if they fail to market and run their product, brand cooperation. It will be difficult to achieve that because of its size. Scottish & Newcastle Has invested most of its power in an eventual dying market, Europe. The decreasing beer consumption will negate its resources unless it expands it reach overseas to expose its brands.Luckily it is successful and with the European focus it has well attained, it has stability in its position in the market. There also need for them to diversify, instead of having beer on the market. QUESTION 2 (it) Strengths Strong overseas strategy to use locally acquired companies to introduce Heinlein to new markets. The transfer of expertise and technology to local, companies which help economies of scale for both Heinlein and local beers. It is family controlled to help stability and independence for international growth.Weaknesses Its biggest brands are Heinlein and Master. For a big company, it does not diversify very much. It needs to create more brands to help maximize profits in different areas. It is family controlled, which means there is no allowance for ‘new blood' and innovation. Grossly The c ompany is innovative and it has a strong brand, which people rely on, e. G. Its flavored beers and striking green bottles. It has new drinks on the markets and works on new ideas plus, has a trial brewery for testing the market. It Exports many of its drinks which allow more customers.Weaknesses innovation for drinks and cost of production. The new brewery will potentially cost it with failures and trial drinks. Ellen Is a very big company and the merger allowed new ideas and more brands on the market. Wants to transform itself from biggest to best brewer, which means it values consistency and growth. Wants to coordinate all functions internationally. Weaknesses Too many acquisitions mean the cost maintenance is high. The ability to work as one unit for a big company is a difficult task to accomplish.Consistency and synergy may be difficult across continents and countries. Scottish & Newcastle Focusing on Europe as a strategy helps them analyses effectively how to strategies and, he lps unite all acquisitions and run them as one unit. The investments in Baltic Beverages helped them expose their brand to many countries. Closing down inefficient breweries cut down unnecessary costs. Weaknesses Simply focusing on one continent will not expose the products to new markets. Heavily investing in one sector, like the Baltic beverages, has potential consequence for failure cost.

Fools and folly are widely used in comedy to create humour To what extent does this apply to Twelfth Night?

In this essay I will be exploring Twelfth Night and focusing on the extent at which folly is used to create humour. The word folly means â€Å"a silly person† or â€Å"one who uses folly for the entertainment of others† etc. In William Shakespeare’s comedy, Feste -licensed fool- the clown is not the only fool who is subject to foolery; others include Sir Andrew Aguecheek (natural fool), Malvolio who is exposed to be the natural fool and Sir Toby who is deemed to be the Lord of Misrule. Overall, fools and folly are widely used in Twelfth Night and form the basic plot. In Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night, Feste’s role in this Illyrian comedy is significant. Feste plays the role of a humble clown and is employed by Olivia’s father thus playing the role of the licensed fool of their household. Olivia states that Feste is â€Å"an allowed fool† meaning he is licensed to speak the truth of people around him in order to entertain others. This is also seen when Curio states to the duke that â€Å"Feste the jester†¦a fool that the Lady Olivia’s father took much pleasure in†. Even though Feste is employed to be foolish, when compared to the other characters he is deemed to be the wisest, wittiest and the most philosophical of all the characters. Viola echoes this by saying â€Å"This fellow’s wise enough to play the fool. † By having the role of a licensed fool, Festes main role is to speak to the truth. Comedy is achieved through the truthfulness of the character. The first true glimpses of folly in Twelfth Night are seen in Act 1 Scene 3. Sir Andrew serves as an excellent example of the idea of Satire which Shakespeare throughout the play uses to undermine the so called rich, upper class characters. Sir Toby encourages Sir Andrew to â€Å"accost† Maria, which translates as â€Å"chat her up† and Sir Andrew foolishly addresses Maria as â€Å"Good mistress accost†. Shakespeare interestingly uses satire but also comedy of manners to illustrate his feelings towards the rich and powerful. His intentions are clearly seen here for the rest of the play; he starts with a powerful character being made a fool of and also ends with Malvolio being made a fool of, not weaker characters like Maria (servant) feste (clown). In this area of the scene, the audience expects a prominent, smart character to emerge on stage due to the description given by Sir Toby: â€Å"Why, he has an income of three thousand ducats a year,† which again links to the idea of comedy of manners- ‘a plot revolving around greed’. Subsequently, Sir Andrew is a naive, un-intelligent person who creates comedy and folly by miss-understanding Sir Toby. Knights in Shakespeare’s time would easily be able to gain respect through women due to it being an attractive occupation. However, Sir Andrew is the complete opposite and this allows the audience to laugh at how a character can be so different from the usual stereotype. Sir Andrew being so naive and thinking that he can easily add Maria to his endless list of women creates dramatic irony, the audience know that Maria thinks very poorly of him yet on the other hand Sir Andrew being so un-intelligent still thinks he is a wonderful human being. Alternatively, this area of Act 1 could show that even though Sir Andrew is rather naive, he still achieves because of the fact that Sir Toby mentions his â€Å"three thousand ducats a year† and Sir Andrew himself states to Maria that he is not â€Å"such an ass† and that he can keep his â€Å"hand dry,† this promotes the fact that when we wants to be, Sir Andrew can be smart and keep his â€Å"hand dry† which results in the audience weighing up what’s to come in the future for Sir Andrew. Ultimately, Sir Andrew fails to â€Å"woo† Olivia resulting in Sebastian marrying Olivia. Overall, this links back to the idea of comedy of manners and satire as both Sir Toby and Sir Andrew have been socially undermined with it being Sir Toby’s idea to set Andrew with Olivia and Sir Andrew failing in this quest. Feste who is employed to be funny and possibly ‘foolish’ is quite the opposite when compared with Sir Andrew. Feste is a philosophical, smart and witty character. In relevance to the question, a fool (feste) is employed to make people laugh yet there is no doubting that he comes across as anything but a fool. Shakespeare uses this character to highlight and contrast the frailties in the other characters such as Sir Andrew for example by allowing the natural fool to be the â€Å"natural wit† which is a very clever tool, the audience aren’t laughing at Feste being employed as fool yet laughing at how he makes others look like a fool. In act 1 scene 5, we don’t laugh at Feste for being a so called â€Å"fool†, we laugh at the witty re-marks that he creates and how undermines the people above him. Feste when talking to Maria regarding Countess Olivia states that â€Å"Many a good hanging prevents a bad marriage†. This has two comical meanings. Firstly, Feste is saying to Maria that sometimes its better being killed than entering marriage but to increase the comedy the phrase could also mean that a â€Å"well hung†(sexual connotations) man can prevent a â€Å"bad marriage†. When compared to today, a modern day audience would still find that funny due to IY being true yet in Shakespearean comedy, the audience would have been very surprised for a ‘fool’ to come out with such a controversial phrase, thus increasing comedy. Shakespeare understands the need for ‘surprise’ because the audience are laughing more at the surprise element rather than the joke itself. By putting this comical line in the final scene of the act, the audience have now gained a further understanding for the character and worked out how intelligent, witty Feste is. This will increase the popularity towards the character as the audience may have forgotten what happened previous to this scene when in act 2 yet the comical line from Feste would have stayed in their heads. Personally, Shakespeare wanted this immensely and therefore in relation to the question, yes fools are used to create humour but not through being stupid but by being witty and controversial as audiences like to be surprised. I believe the â€Å"bad marriage† area of the quote highlights the philosophical values that Feste has; he is giving the audience his opinions on marriages which he has seen from a fool’s point of view. Shakespeare is also handing a lot of power to feste as he could be forecasting the future for the marriages of Sir Toby and Maria, Olivia and Sebastian etc. Finally, Shakespeare can be seen to use juxtaposition in order to allow the gag of Feste contrast with the ‘well behaved’ Maria, this makes the audience possibly dislike Maria, an opinion shared by Shakespeare due to the time that he lived in, with the disrespectfulness of women. By the end of Act 2 scene 5, we gain the basic underlying plot. In scene 3, foolishness is definitely used to create comedy; Shakespeare uses the main idea of dramatic irony to create comedy. Three characters (Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, Maria) construct a plan to help make Malvolio look a fool, Shakespeare uses three characters to make the plot seem more severe, linking to the idea of a minor form of black comedy. In this scene we learn that foolishness is enhanced by using more people to gang up on another. Sir Toby speaks that â€Å"He shall think, by the letters that thou wilt drop, that they come from my niece, and that she’s in love with him. † This quote firmly shows; He’ll think these letters are from Olivia and that she’s in love with him. Shakespeare uses a gang approach to this due to Malvolio being a so called ‘kill joy’, Sir Andrew and Maria show their opinions on the plan with phrases like â€Å"Sport royal† â€Å"I have ’t in my nose too. † Which again highlights the mood of the other characters, the audience will ultimately laugh in feeling guilt towards Malvolio. In today’ world, a gang culture shows power due to power in numbers but in Shakespeare times it could be sign of wealth and power to be able to create a group situation. The word â€Å"drop† signifies the height at which this will drop Malvolio and purposefully ‘drop’ his heart when he finds out he is made out to be a fool. Subsequently, Malvolio foolishness creates huge comedy due to him being imprisoned because of his actions towards Olivia. The idea of a gang creating a plan to make another human being look a fool allows Shakespeare to experiment how Malvolio could act. By the end of the play he is seen to be very spiteful and out for revenge. Comedy isn’t always seen through people being fools or made out to be fools. Comedy is also achieved through other ventures. In order to gain approval in the kingdom Viola dresses as a man and therefore can work close to Orsino and takes on the name Cesario. This creates comedy because the audience know that she is a women beneath the disguise yet the characters don’t (dramatic irony) therefore power is given to the audience and they enjoy this. We understand in Act 1 scene 2 that she is going to take up some disguise by saying â€Å"Conceal me what I am, and be my aid†. At this moment in time, Viola seems very determined and confident towards being a man and she has reason so due to marrying Orsino at the end of the play. Therefore comedy isn’t just seen through the eyes of folly and foolishness it’s also achieved elsewhere. Due to it being a live play, the audience would be able to see it’s a disguised woman, even though all actors were men, and thus again increasing comedy. Twelfth Night was once a day to mark the end of the Christmas festivities. It was the feast of fools and even now, the Christmas season is a time where we all seek entertainment in the form of amusement and folly. Therefore Twelfth Night is still relevant today. Even now we love to see people make fools of themselves and the characters we don't like to be served with just retribution. In conclusion to my question, the answer is simply yes. Shakespeare doesn’t just have fools to laugh at (feste) which would seem the normal idea but he makes others look fools. This is through Malvolio being miss-lead, the naivety of Sir Andrew and possibly Orsino not having Olivia and having to make do with Viola. Interestingly, Shakespeare warms to the so called lower class characters like Feste, Maria by creating strong and confident characters that make the more upper class characters around them look fools. Comedy is also achieved in the play by the mistaken identity of Viola, the concept of black comedy and the comedy of manners. All key integral parts of how this play is seen comical. Overall, the main comedy comes from people acting foolish or looking foolish as well as the idea of comedy of errors.

What Does it Cost to Attend Kenyon College?

Deciding which college to attend comes with plethora of factors to consider, and for many families, college prices doesn’t make this decision any easier. Every year, tuition at four-year institutions rises. College tuition has been increasing almost six percent above the rate of inflation , and is expected to continue doing so. Meanwhile, a college degree is becoming the baseline expectation in the increasingly-competitive job market, and the demand for a college education is greater now than it was one generation ago.   With such high rates of tuition, financial aid becomes more and more important. In the 2015-2016 academic year, 85 percent of undergraduate students received financial aid . Financial aid itself is a multi-faceted creature, and can be a headache to navigate. Kenyon College, home to the prestigious Kenyon Review and a dining hall that bears striking resemblance to Hogwarts’ Great Hall, is a private institution in Gambier, Ohio. The high sticker price, however, is not necessarily easy on the wallet. We’ve compiled this post that covers exactly how you can navigate tuition prices, as well as the different options you have for financing your student’s degree at Kenyon College. If your student is interested, or already admitted—congratulations!—to Kenyon, you’ve probably already visited the college’s Costs and Financial aid page . That’s a good place to start, and will give you a general idea of how much four years at Kenyon might cost. However, it can also be misleading. Costs of attendance for colleges are highly variable. The numbers that you see there are what we call the list prices, and few families actually pay that price. A better number to look for is the net cost , which refers to what families actually pay out of their pockets, after factors like financial aid have been applied. Generally, the elements that will reduce net cost come down to three parts: We’ll look at each of these in detail in this post. Since all financial aid is subtracted from the list price to give the net cost, the list price is where to start in estimating a student’s cost of attendance. In the 2016-2017 academic year, Kenyon College’s list price was $66,670 for both in-state and out-of-state students, since it’s a private institution. Remember that most families don’t pay this price. Who are those who do pay it? In general, it’s the families whose annual household income is greater than $175,000. Even for these families, if the student receives merit aid from the institution, they may not even pay the list price. It’s worthwhile to note that not all colleges offer merit aid, but Kenyon College does. Approximately 47% of Kenyon students receive need-based aid, and 22% receive scholarships. F or the 2016-2017 school year, the average net cost of attendance with need-based financial aid only was $57,328 for both in-state and out-of-state students. The greater your family’s financial need, the more need-based aid a student will qualify for. Here are the average net amounts that families with different incomes pay for Kenyon College. *These numbers do not reflect any Pell Grants that families may receive. Families with an income of $0-30k often receive Federal Pell Grants, which reduce the amount of financial aid that individual institutions need to award. This is why there is a higher tuition rate for families with $0-30k vs. those with $30k-48k. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. What we’ve been talking about so far has been need-based financial aid. In contrast, merit aid is awards granted based on what the college deems to be exceptional performance and potential, usually academic performance, and school or community involvement. It often comes in the form of a scholarship. Merit aid at Kenyon College is relatively generous. Out of a pool of 1000 schools analyzed for merit aid generosity, Kenyon ranks 611th. At Kenyon, 23.1% of students without financial need receive merit aid, with the average amount coming to $3,305 in 2016. The average net price for a student who didn’t qualify for financial aid was $63,365. Often, students still need help financing their college education even with institutional aid and scholarships. This is where student loans come in. Unlike scholarships or grants, loans need to be repaid, often with interest. At Kenyon College, 69% of students take out federal loans, with an average amount of $3,046 per student across their college career. Investing in college is a big decision, especially if your student has loans to pay back, so it’s useful to have an idea of how graduates of a particular school are doing down the line. Kenyon College has a 6-year graduation rate of 90%, which is impressively high when stacked against the 66% average for private nonprofit institutions. The average salary of a Kenyon alum ten years after graduation is $48,700.    Besides the main expenses of tuition and room and board, there are usually other costs to account for when estimating college spending, even if the student is living on-campus for all years of attendance. Gambier, Ohio has an overall cost of living index of 95.6 , which means it’s about 4 percent more affordable to live in Gambier than in the rest of the U.S. in general. If the idea of looking for housing for college gives you a headache, Kenyon College’s housing situation is just right for you. Kenyon is a fully residential college. Students live on-campus for all four years, and have a variety to choose from, from program houses to themed houses. There aren’t many off-campus job opportunities for Kenyon students, since the college itself is the main attraction of the village of Gambier. However, the on-campus employment scene is rich; students can choose from over 1100 job positions filled each year on the Kenyon campus. The minimum wage for on-campus jobs, determined by the minimum state wage, is $8.55 per hour as of 2019.    We’ve covered the main ways in which students can lower than costs of attendance, but the ways to save don’t end at financial aid and loans. There are many merit-based private scholarships available, especially if your student is enrolling in an institution in their home state . The Austin E. Knowlton Scholarship supports a Kenyon student from Ohio with up to $18,000 over four years. One of the most prestigious national scholarships is the National Merit program. Students who take the PSAT are automatically entered for qualification, and the program awards $2,500 to finalists. Take a look at our guide to the National Merit Scholarship program . You can learn more about scholarships on our following posts: Another way to help finance an education at Kenyon is right here at . As a part of our College Applications Program , we help students figure out how to make any school more affordable using our Finances tool, which can show the ROI of different schools and majors and help students identify scholarships to apply for. On average, our students earn about $83,000 in scholarships. Find out if working with our Financial Aid Tools is right for your family! The Applications Program will also pair your student with an admissions specialist who will work with them one-on-one to navigate each step of the college application process, from building a school list to submitting the application.

Chemical sensor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Chemical sensor - Essay Example Amperometric glucose sensors proves worthy in monitoring of diabetic patients’ blood glucose levels wherever they are. Such constant monitoring of blood glucose has spurred other affiliated health sector needs for improvement of the condition. It is apparent that effective treatment and management of diabetes conditions requires reliable data of glucose levels that does not fluctuate. In such needy cases, amperometric glucose sensors assist in monitoring of patients blood glucose. Monitoring of blood glucose levels presents a constant glycaemic regime that both the patient and health professional can rely on. Subsequently, health professionals can make imperative diagnosis and treatment of diabetic conditions. Research on management of diabetic conditions largely relies on proper data for the levels of blood glucose amongst diabetes patients during normal activities. In ensuring use of reliable and constant blood glucose levels, there is need to develop clinical devices that can monitor and provide day and night blood glucose levels. Such requirements indicate the need for amperometric glucose sensors to provide constant data of blood glucose levels. Therefore, the presence of amperometric glucose sensors within the health sector is authoritative in effective management, treatment, diagnosis, and research about diabetes. It is imperative to note that the introduction of amperometric glucose sensors have greatly enhanced research and management of type 1 diabetes within the health sector. Moreover, it has increased confidence of both patients and health professionals towards a possibility of overcoming the deleterious disease. Essentially, the ability of amperometric glucose sensors to determine accurately the level of concentration of blood glucose has caused a revolution in health care. Accurate determination of glucose levels within the blood has lead to improved health services within the community. The foremost

Small and Medium Sized Enterprises and the Risks they Face in an Essay

Small and Medium Sized Enterprises and the Risks they Face in an International Environment - Essay Example In proportion to other trends of globalization, small and medium sized Enterprises are increasingly occupied in international businesses. â€Å"Foreign investments by small and medium scale enterprises have also increased† (Feyter 2011). SMEs account for a major share of exports and imports and go up to international network of production. â€Å"Small organizations have very little, if any, influence over the forces of external environment, and this can be attributed to the limited resource of the small firm† (Sha n.d). As SMEs try to internationalize, they frequently come across extensive hurdles. These hurdles are complex, and they can be from the larger, external, business environment of SMEs including barriers of trade policy; or from the internal environment of firms. â€Å"Currency fluctuations are the top concern for 49% of UK SMEs† (International Trade: Confidence Concerns and Risk for UK Smes). The various risks that small businesses face when they engag e in the international trade include credit risk, interest rate risk, country risk, and currency issue. Credit Risk- SMEs regularly complain that their competitiveness and growth are restricted by lack of access to the financing and high cost of credit. The high cost of credit remains a major constraint in the development of SMEs, although there is proof that SMEs are more concerned about the access to credit than the cost of credit. Interest rate risk arises when the business depends more on borrowed funds, or revenue generated from savings. Fluctuations in interests rates affect the total profit of the business through reduction in income from the interest or by increases in the interest expenses. Country Risk The country risks in foreign exchange trading are connected with the intervention of government in foreign exchange market. Currency Issue- Most of the international trade is carried out in dollars. This has paved way to considerable exchange risks of currency. While taking SMEs in UK as an example, thirty six percent of SMEs   business leaders of UK   who carry out international business quote ‘currency fluctuations’ (Latest Market Research Surveys 2009) as their overruling concern. In spite of fluctuations in currency being their key concern, an astonishing fifty six per cent of SME leaders admit that they do not control their financial risk. UK SMEs on trading internationally, consider problems of currency fluctuations, legislation, problems in payment, pricing, language barrier, time limitations, and cultural differences. Aims and Objectives 1. To identify the risks faced by SMEs by way of international trading 2. To provide solutions to lessen the risks aroused from international trade Methodology The data for this business report is gathered from secondary sources like journals and articles published, and from different texts. â€Å"Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem† (Research Metho dology: An Introduction 1978). Primary sources are not used, as data collection from the SMEs of different countries as a whole is not possible. Secondary sources include data that are collected and gathered for a further purpose. The secondary sources include not only reports and records that are published, but also unpublished records, including different registers and records kept by organizations and firms like